Jab bhi aap kisi blockchain network (jaise Bitcoin ya Ethereum) par koi transaction karte hain—chahe woh coins transfer karna ho ya koi smart contract execute karna—toh aapko ek choti si fee deni padti hai. Isi ko Blockchain Transaction Fee kehte hain.
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Yeh fees, network ko chalaane aur secure rakhne waale logon (miners ya validators) ko as a incentive di jaati hain.
Transaction Fees Zaroori Kyun Hain? (The Why)
Fees ke teen (3) bade maqsad (purpose) hain:
- Network Security: Fees miners (ya validators) ko naya block banane aur aapke transaction ko verify karne ke liye motivate karti hain. Iske bina koi network ko maintain nahi karega.
- Spam Prevention: Agar fees nahi hongi, toh log network ko useless data se bhar denge, jisse network slow ho jaayega. Fees ek tarah se traffic control ka kaam karti hain.
- Resource Allocation: Fees decide karti hain ki aapki transaction kitni jaldi process hogi. Agar network busy hai, toh zyada fee dene waali transactions ko priority milti hai.
Transaction Fees Kaise Calculate Hoti Hain? (The How)
Transaction fees aapki transaction ki monetary value (aap kitne coins bhej rahe hain) par nirbhar (depend) nahi karti, balki network usage par karti hai.
1. Network Congestion (Bheed)
- Jab network par bahut zyada log ek saath transactions bhejte hain (yaani congestion zyada ho), toh fees badh jaati hain kyonki miners zyada bid (boli) waale transactions ko pehle uthate hain.
2. Size (Data) of the Transaction
- Fees ka hisaab transaction ke size (bytes mein) se hota hai, na ki uski value se. Agar aapki transaction mein zyada data (jaise ki complex smart contract ya bahut saare inputs/outputs) hai, toh fee zyada lagegi.
3. Gas (Especially in Ethereum)
- Ethereum jaise networks par, fees ko Gas mein calculate kiya jaata hai. Gas ek unit hai jo computational effort ko maapta hai.
- Gas Limit: Aap kitna maximum effort (fee) dene ko taiyar hain.
- Gas Price: Har unit gas ki market rate kya hai.
- Total Fee = Gas Used × Gas Price (plus a Base Fee jo burn ho jaati hai).
